BIM & Digital Twins
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a process for creating and managing digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of a facility.
BIM Levels
| Level | Description |
|---|---|
| Level 0 | 2D CAD, no collaboration |
| Level 1 | 2D/3D CAD, shared data environment |
| Level 2 | Federated 3D models, discipline coordination |
| Level 3 | Fully integrated model (ISO 19650 aligned) |
Key Standards
- ISO 19650 — International BIM standard (organization and digitization of information)
- PAS 1192 — UK BIM framework (now superseded by ISO 19650)
- IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) — Open file format for BIM data exchange
Software
- Autodesk Revit — Industry-standard BIM authoring tool
- Navisworks — Model coordination and clash detection
- BIM 360 / Autodesk Construction Cloud — Cloud-based project delivery
References
- ISO 19650-1:2018 Organization and digitization of information about buildings and civil engineering works, including building information modelling.
- buildingSMART International. IFC Specification. https://technical.buildingsmart.org/standards/ifc/
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